What Is Landscape Architecture and Its Role in Sustainable...

What is Landscape Architecture and Its role in Sustainable Development ? 1.0 Introduction Landscape architects plan the most harmonious relationships between the land and the objects on it by proper combination of open space and planting. They may work on parks, gardens, housing projects, school campuses, golf courses, or airports. They begin a project by reviewing the needs and desires of the client. They study the site, mapping such features as the slope of the land, existing structures and the type of soil. They check local building codes and availability of utilities make drawings, which outline the work in detail, and draw up lists of materials to be used. They then invite bids from construction companies and landscape nursery†¦show more content†¦In other word, whatever that manner relates on managing the natural resource such as soil, waterbodies, natural setting, and etc. landscape architecture are the responsible character in accomplish those . In addition, Landscape architecture is the profession committed to the creation of meaningful and vital outdoor places and to the sustainable management of our environment. Landscape architects strive to establish a balance between our use and enjoyment of the land with the conservation and health of the environment. Private and public sector clients seek the expertise of landscape architects. The work of landscape architects is all around in: * Planning the cities, towns, communities and neighborhoods; * Designing urban places, open spaces, waterfronts and scenic parkways; * Protecting and managing national, provincial, territorial and municipal parks; * Conserving heritage and historic sites; and * Ensuring efficient land use and natural resource conservation in local and regional areas. These are according to the Canadian Society of Landscape Architecture (CSLA) (http://www.csla.ca/the-society/landscape-architecture-in-canada) retrieved on 10th April 2012. Mostly, landscape architecture consisting on broad views regarding to the planning the areas, design the space, protect and managing parks as well asShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The City Of London1555 Words   |  7 Pagessensitivity into account over the course of the project. With the recent credit crunch due to loan defaults, the property market has suffered severely in its ability to provide affordable housing. International investors have invaded the property development scene in London to take advantage of available land and are causing forceful demographic changes by attracting buyers with more spending ability than local Londoners. This in turn will cause friction in the relationship that London’s society hasRead MoreEnvironmental Sustainability And Global Warming1249 Words   |  5 Pagesof g reen initiatives and global warming-based issues, but what does it mean to the in today’s society? Even when narrowed to the disciplines of architecture and planning, it is a multifaceted and loaded concept. Kenny and Meadowcroft discuss a shift in this complex term, stating that â€Å"It is worth emphasizing that the notion of sustainability does not in any way imply only one kind of social future as the embodiment of ‘the’ sustainable society. Environmental sustainability also functions asRead MoreHuman And Natural Drivers Of Climate Change1732 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Change in relation to Architecture Tallis Holloway - s5015034 There are many human and natural drivers of climate change, cities and buildings in particular are increasingly affected by risks linked to rapid environmental changes and their impact themselves on the atmosphere however architect s can help limit many contributing factors. 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The problems with unsustainable development are far and wide, the focus of this paper will be in the water sector. From the extraction of water to the consumption of water, and everything in between – water quality and quantity are being compromised in order to achieve financial goals and success. Conservation goals and practices are in the wrong priority order. Most of the rapid urban development is occurringRead MoreAn Architect And Main Causes Of The Modern Phenomenon, Climate Change1863 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Throughout the history, the climate has always been in the center of attention and played a vital role in human and other creatures’ life. However, from 20th-century global climate has been changed and these changes put the Earth in danger of elimination. It is not difficult to guess that human activities are the main causes of climate change. These activities are not just limited to factories and industries, but they are related to all kind of professions. Since the next generationRead MoreVenture to Find Success975 Words   |  4 Pagesconfronted with challenges. Business is typically the leading way for people who start up their career to gain wealth. Therefore, I would like to be a businessman in landscape design and construction, including designing and erecting gardens, building private residential landscaping, park projects, recreational facilities, airports, hospitals. What I need to be successful in my career is experience, education, and a business plan. To begin a business, the business plan is essential to insure that myRead MoreSociety Needs Architects . Buildings Are Apart Of Everyday1025 Words   |  5 Pagescommunities, business building, and many more buildings (Architects). These architects are planning buildings which are protecting us. They have to figure out all the math and science behind the building to keep us safe every single day. This showed what architects do for a living, but there is also a need for them. 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The future will be the combination of science and spirituality, and they shouldRead MoreIntroduction to Urban Design and Community Planning3820 Words   |  16 Pagesregarded as a disciplinary subset of urban planning, landscape architecture, or architecture and in more recent times has been linked to emergent disciplines such as landscape urbanism. However, with its increasing prominence in the activities of these disciplines, it is better conceptualized as a design practice that operates at the intersection of all three, and requires a good understanding of a range of others besides, such as real estate development, urban economics, political economy and social theory

Bipolar Disorder Essay - 1811 Words

Bipolar Disorder INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to discuss bipolar disorders in adolescents. This paper will include a discussion on what bipolar disorders are. There will be a presentation of the causes and symptoms of bipolar disorders. There will be a discussion of the medical as well as the therapeutic interventions and this paper will also include the importance of treatment. WHAT ARE BIPOLAR DISORDERS? Bipolar disorder is a disease that affects one in every five Americans. Bipolar disorders often called Manic Depression, involve the appearance of two extreme emotional states. Adolescents that suffer from bipolar disorders alternate between manic and depressive episodes. Bipolar disorders are not†¦show more content†¦Among pairs of fraternal twins, who have about half their genes in common, both twins have bipolar disorder in less than fifteen percent cases in which one twin has the disorder. Waltz (2000), states that the degree of genetic influence comes from studies of adopted children with bipolar disorder. These studies show that biological relatives have a higher incidence of bipolar disorder than do people in the general population. Personal or work related stress can trigger a manic episode, but this usually occurs in people with a genetic vulnerability (Burns, 1999). Other factors such as childhood experiences and social conditions seem to have relatively littl e influence in causing bipolar disorder. One study examined a pair of twins in which only one member of the pair had bipolar disorder. The study found that regardless of whether the parent had bipolar disorder or not, the twins had the same high ten percent rate of bipolar disorder. This observation suggests that risk for bipolar illness comes from genetic influence, not from exposure to a parent’s bipolar illness or from family problems caused by that illness. Brain Differences According to Waltz (2000), a deletion on chromosome 22 is probably at least part of the problem, likely leading to structural differences in the developing brain. The brain is the most complex and least understood organ in the body. It is the focal point ofShow MoreRelatedBipolar Disorder ( Bipolar )847 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Bipolar Disorder† Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness, which involves hypomanic episodes, which are changes in someone’s usual mood. Originally, Bipolar Disorder was called manic depression because it does share similar symptoms with people diagnosed with depression. Bipolar Disorder is a severe condition because it can cause mania, which then causes hallucinations and paranoid rage. (Bipolar Disorder) Bipolar Disorder is classified into two categories, bipolar type 1 and bipolar type 2. BipolarRead MoreBipolar Disorder ( Bipolar )829 Words   |  4 PagesBipolar disorder is an often devastating mental illnesses, with high emotional, social and economic impact on the lives of patients and family members [Jin and McCrone, 2015; Miller et al., 2014]. In recent decades, there has been significant progress in developing diagnostic methods for reliably diagnosing severe bipolar disorder (bipolar disorder type I) and some related bipolar â€Å"spectrum† disorders (bipolar type II disorder), and there has also been recent progress in identifying some of the geneticRead MoreBipolar Disorder ( Bipolar )956 Words   |  4 PagesBipolar Disorder Definition Bipolar Disorder is an increasingly common mood disorder that effects millions of people worldwide. In order to understand the plight of any psychiatric patient suffering from this ailment or to be prepared to treat this disease, it is pertinent to first fully understand what this mental disorder truly is. The first misconception surrounding bipolar disorder is that it is just one disease, contrarily it can be divided into two different sub categories. The National InstituteRead MoreBipolar Disorder ( Bipolar )1010 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction/Overview of Condition Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness (SMI) characterized by dramatic mood â€Å"swings† between manic and depressed states. In their manic states, individuals experience an abnormally elevated mood characterized by extreme, grandiose gestures and ideas, inflated self-esteem, lack of sleep, constant talking, distractibility, poor judgement, and even aggression (Griggs). Individuals can be characterized as having either a hypomanic episode or a manic episodeRead MoreBipolar And Bipolar Disorder ( Bipolar )1397 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Bipolar robs you of that which is you. It can take from you the very core of your being and replace it with something that is completely opposite of who and what you truly are† (A. Reyan 2015). Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that alters a person’s life, they can never go back to who they were before. â€Å"It is estimated that more than 10 million Americans suffer from bipolar disorder† (everydayhealth.com 2015). Bipolar disorder is broken down into two types; bipolar I and bipolar II disorderRead MoreBipolar Disorder ( Bipolar )1536 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder has been gaining more and more attention over the last few years. With shootings on the rise, or at least the publicity of them, people are often pointing their fingers at mental diseases including bipolar disorder. An ongoing issue regarding mental illnesses, however, is the population has failed to fully understand what they truly are, the symptoms, and how to treat them. 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Macro Economic Variables Named the Inflation and the Unemployment

Questions: (a) Explain whether there is a relationship between inflation and unemployment. Should government interfere and reduce inflation and unemployment? Provide real life examples. (b) Using your home country as a case study outline and analyse inflation, unemployment and growth trends. Identify what range of the aggregate supply curve your country is operating in. (c)Explain how monetary policycan influence an economy, including the exchange rateand employment levels? Answers: Introduction The macro economic variables named the inflation and the unemployment are the two important factors which determine the facet of the economy of a country. There is a negative relation prevails among the two macro economic variables named inflation and the unemployment. The negative relationships among the two variables are determined through the Phillips curve. The report likes to make some not on the Phillips curve and thus the relationship among the two variables named inflation and the unemployment. The report also concentrates on the factors related to the growth of the economy, the inflation of the economy and the unemployment scenario of the economy. The influence of the monetary policy also is enlisted in the report. a. The relationship among the inflation and unemployment and the intervention of the government The relationship or the trade-off among the two important variables of the economy named inflation and the unemployment was proposed by A.W. Phillips in the year of 1958. Through the help of the Phillips curve the relationship among the inflation and the unemployment can be demonstrated. According to the view of the Phillips curve there is an inverse relationship exists among the unemployment and the inflation. The simple process behind stating the inverse relationship among the unemployment and the inflation is that when the unemployment falls down in the market the workers put pressures for raising the wage level. The producers thus pass the rise in the wage level to the consumers and as a result of this the prices of the commodity gets rise. The formation of the theory of the Phillips curve depends on the Okuns law where it was suggested that the relationship among the national output of an economy and the unemployment level of the economy (Sleeman, 2011). According to this law ag ain there is an inverse relationship occurs between the national output of an economy and the unemployment level in an economy. The simple phenomenon behind the law states that lowering the unemployment level would raise the level of the national output of the households as the income of the households can be enhanced when the unemployment will slow down. On the basis of the theory proposed in the Okuns Law the law regarding the Phillips curve has been introduced. The cycle starts here in the reduction of the level of unemployment in an economy which leads to the increase in the national output of the economy, because, the reduction in the unemployment in the economy leads to an increase in the wage rate of the employees and the workers (Gal, 201). The increase in the wage rate provides more in hand money to the consumers and the consumers can increase the consumption level in an economy. More money also enhances the demand level in the economy and the prices of the goods and servic e increase in this way. Fig: Phillips Curve Source: Author It is depicted that the inflation rate is measured in the vertical axis of the diagram and the unemployment rate is measured in the horizontal axis of the diagram. When the unemployment rate in the economy stands for 2%, the inflation rate becomes 6% in the economy. When the inflation rate is 4% in the economy the unemployment rate becomes 7%. In both of the cases the negative relationship among the unemployment and the inflation signifies. The evidences can be drawn from the real historical data. For example, the evidences can be drawn from the US economy as the unemployment level in the economy rise from 5% to 11% which leads to a decrease in the inflation rate as the inflation rate decreases from 15% to 2.5% in the market. In the year of 2008, the rate of inflation falls down from 5% to 2% and thus the economy has observed a sharp rise in the level of unemployment in the economy which is 5% to 10% (Jain, et al, 2013). Fig: The relationship among the inflation and the unemployment Source: (Louis, 2015) The relationship among the unemployment and the inflation is occurred in the short-term period only and the consumers accept the raised wage rate as they perceive that the wage rate which is being offered to them is the real wage rate but, in reality the things are different in nature. The increasing wage rate which is offered to the households or the consumers are not the increase of the real wage rate and it is compensated with the increased price level in the economy and thus the economy finds the long term equilibrium in the position where the economy gets stable and the full employment condition occurs. The government intervene through undertaking the macro-economic policies for achieving the full employment condition in the economy. Sometimes it is observed that the government intervention to increase the wage level can put extra pressures on the employers. The unemployment in the market occurs when the labour costs gets rise over the productivity of the labour. The government is considered as the extraneous farce whose function in the labour market is determined through the sale of the labour and the purchase of the labour. In the recent age the government has delegated some power to the trade Union members for putting pressure for wage hike in the economy (Bosworth, et al, 2007).The trade union has the power to hamper the productivity of the organizations also. The intervention of the government can be observed in two different scenarios; one in which the government would put pressure to increase the cost of the labour in the market and the other through which the productivity is hampered through the implementation of the taxation and other regularity policies. Sometimes the political pressure or the intervention of the government increases the labour cost beyond the productivity of the labours. But, it is also evident that during the time of recession the developed countries including UK and USA have gone through a major changes and the intervention of the government has helped to stabilize the economy when the government has focused on the specific measures on the monetary and the fiscal policy related tools (Ghosh and Chandrasekhar, 2009). b. The inflation, unemployment and trend of growth in India and the aggregate supply curve of India The Indian economy has placed itself in the worlds biggest economy according to the point of view of the GDP growth of the country. The Indian economy is known to be a growing economy and the economic growth in the economy has opened the horizon of producing a larger amount of goods and services in the economy. The Indian economy has shown a good performance in terms of growth in the year 2010-2011 and in this financial year the fiscal deficit of the economy also reduced to a certain extent. The financial year 2010-2011 did observe the economic growth rate accounts for 8.4% which is sound in nature and the fiscal deficit of the particular year stands for 4.7% which was reduced from 6.4% (Chowdhury, 2011). The Economy did face a sound performance in the current account deficit of the country. After the sharp growth of the year 2010-2011 the economy faced a downfall in terms of the fall in the GDP growth of the country. From, the year of 2011 onwards the economy did face a sluggish gro wth and it is continuing till now (Bhatt, 2011). Fig: The quarterly figure of growth of Indian economy Source: World Development indicators (World Bank data) The rise in the GDP growth rate occurred in the year of 2005 as the year has observed the GDP rate of 9%. The year 2012 and 2013 have observed the sluggish growth rate as the growth rate for these two years stand for 5%. The other variables including the unemployment, the fiscal deficit and also the inflation of the country are happened due to the sluggish growth nature of the economy of India. The unemployment and the inflation both are the rising factors for the economy of India. The unemployment of the country India is considered as the number of people in the economy divided by the number of people who are searching for a job. The unemployment scenario of the Indian market is poor in nature and the Fig: The unemployment and the inflation scenario of India Source: Labour force Statistics of India Unemployment occurs in the Indian economy just after the independence takes place in the Indian economy. The unemployment is a rising decease in the economy as with the growing population of the economy, the demand for the jobs are also increasing in the economy. Indian economy faces various types of unemployment (Misra and Puri, 2005). During the time of recession the economy did observe a downturn in the rate of employment which is basically known as the cyclical unemployment which occurs due to the short of aggregate demand in the economy. The economy also faces the structural unemployment and the seasonal unemployment in the context of the countrys economy (Kapila, 2009).The structural unemployment happens when there is a shortfall in the progress in any particular sector and the seasonal unemployment happens mainly in the regional sector of India. The frictional unemployment is another reason in the Indian economy to occur the inflation in the market as the frictional unemployme nt happens because though there are ample of people want to work in specific sectors but, the skills of the workers do not match with the required skills of the employers. The Indian economy on the other hand is observing a rising trend in the inflation and many factors are responsible for the rising trend of the inflation. The pub expenditure is a reason for the enhancement of the inflation in India and the expenditure of the consumers are also increasing in nature (Bosworth, et al, 2007).The rise in the public expenditure happens in the non-development purpose also which increases the level of inflation in the country. The non-development increase in the public expenditure puts huge pressure on the fiscal deficit condition of the country. For meet up the requirement of the fiscal deficit of the country the Indian government goes for the borrowing from the international market. The external borrowing done by the government can raise the rate of interest in the country and which in-turn can influence the output level of the country and also the level of investment of the country. The cyclical effect would influence the level of inflation in the framewo rk of the country. The agricultural products also goes through the phenomenon of the seasonal effect and the agricultural products go through both the draughts and the flood scenario in the market. The flood and the draught in the market enhances the prices of the agricultural products and the rise in the wage level in the agricultural market also pushes the general price level in the agricultural products as the producers want to pass down the rising effect of the wage to the consumers. The Indian population always gets rise and the increasing trend of the Indian population also acts as a reason for the unemployment in the country. The demand of the employment is not enough as the supply of the labour force is very high in the economy. The aggregate supply is considered as the curve which accounts the overall supply of the nation within a given time period. Fig: Three ranges of aggregate supply Source: (Leduc and Liu, 2012) The above figures clearly depicts that three different ranges are existing in the aggregate supply curve and a nation can observe or face any of the three different range of the aggregate supply in the economy. The first range is known as the classical range as the first range observes the full employment situation in the economy. The vertical range or the straight range signifies the classical range of the full employment situation and the horizontal range which signifies the position between 0 to Yk signifies the Keynesian range of aggregate supply. The range of the aggregate supply which belongs in between of the classical range and the Keynesian range is called as the Intermediate range. The full employment situation can be occurred when the unemployment except the frictional unemployment all other kinds of unemployment can be removed from the context of the economy of a country. In the full employment situation the economy gets the desired output and the output in the economy al ways requires being remaining same but, there is provision in the economy to change the price level. The Keynesian range on the other hand signifies the range which is possible when the economy is going through bad phase especially, a recession or a depression (Mohan, 2009). During the time of full employment the economy must face the inflation but, while operating in the Keynesian range the economy must face the high level of unemployment. Due to the high level of unemployment the economy can try to achieve the full employment situation by adjusting the level of output. The level of output can be increased by not adjusting the price level of the economy. Due to the unemployment situation the output level in the economy can be increased without adjusting the price level of the economy. The intermediary range refers to that range in which the price level in the economy and the output level in the economy can be influenced for the purpose of achievement of the full employment in the e conomy (Fahimnia, et al, 2013). The Indian economy is going through the phase of the Keynesian economy as the recession has hit the economy to a large extent and the recession has raised the unemployment in the economy. To recover the economy the output level in the economy is being increased through the creation of the additional demand in the economy without changing the price level of the economy (Subbarao, 2008). c. The influence of the monetary policy in an economy including the influence in the exchange rate and in the employment levels The monetary policy is known to be a controller of the excess money supply in the economy. The main objective of the monetary policy is to reduce the excess presence of the money in the market because; the excess presence of the money in the market raises the level of inflation in the market. The inflation in the market can be influenced through the usage of the monetary policy in the market as the reduction in the rates of the Banks or the rate of interest in the economy can lead to a high demand for the goods and the services in the economy. The decrease in the Bank rates increase the supply of money within the Banking system of an economy and the reduction of the rate of interest affects the level of investment and the output level of the economy. The strong investment in the market also raises the demand for the workers and the level of wages is thus increased in the economy. The good performance of the economy also increases the expectation o the economy which again increases th e level of inflation in the market. The expansionary monetary policy is used to increase the level of growth in the economy and in the other hand the discretionary monetary policy helps to reduce the inflation in the market. The basic objective of the monetary policy is to establish the stability in the market and the employment level of the economy is directly influenced by the monetary policy of that country. For example, it can be said that when the rate of interest is being reduced by the monetary authority and the demand for the goods and the services increase and the level of investment in the country also increases. The increased level of investment also increases the level of the employment in the country and this is the way through which the monetary policy influences the employment level of a country. There are various implications to the effect of monitory policies expansion phenomenon and those are like involved within the exchange rate, current and financial account det ails. If the monetary policy is restrictive in nature, the result is comprehended in the opposite direction with the stronger financial account intimation and feeble current account attribution with the unbalanced trade optimization. The integration of easy monetary policies will help to intrigue the sequence of events and with respect to the income effect in the countries: The GDP in domestic phenomenon will rise and this will be effective in the demand increment for imports. This will again affect the depreciation of the current account. Then there will be increase in purchased imports and those are to be also appreciated to the domestic to foreign currency conversion and with implications to those, the domestic countrys exchange rate will decrease. There will be negative impact by the government intervention and those are also resulted in the surplus of the financial accounts. Thus the proper summations of both the accounts are tended towards zero and as there will be increase in imports activities, the foreigners can have a surplus of that particular nations currency and money. The foreigners are most of the time investing those currencies to the domestic countrys assets and not on to purchase the countrys exports. This phenomenon can be observed within the countries like Japan and China for investing in US treasuries. The foreign travellers can often get the better rates and return on the values of domestic currency as the exchange rate is decreasing comparatively to their own currency. Thus the immediate effect with the expansionary monetary policies on the income variable is to be trended to the lower currency exchange rate in the domestic rate. This also implied to deteriorate the current account with increment in the financial account. The restrictive monetary policies also intended to cause the opposite effect due to their adverse income effect. This is involved in current account improvement and financial account weakening with increment in currency exchange rate domestically. Conclusion The relationship among the inflation and the unemployment is negative in nature and the government intervenes in influencing the inflation or the rate of unemployment for achieving the full employment in the economy. The Indian economy is a growing economy though it is going through a sluggish nature of growth in the economy. The huge population is the reason for the unemployment in the economy and the economy also faces the problem of inflation for a long term. The monetary policy keeps huge influence in the employment, inflation and in the exchange rate of the economy. Reference Louis, F. (2015). St. Louis Fed Financial Stress Index. [online] Research.stlouisfed.org. Available at: https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/STLFSI [Accessed 26 Jan. 2015]. Reserve Bank of India. (2012). Indian Economy. [online] Available at: https://finmin.nic.in/ [Accessed: 27, Jan 2015]. Wan, Y. (2001). A Case of the Philips Curve in the Formation of a Monetary Union: A Glimpse at High Inflation Countries of the European Monetary Union. University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics, 5(1), p.4. Leduc, S., Liu, Z. (2012). Uncertainty, unemployment, and inflation. FRBSF Economic Letter, 28. Fahimnia, B., Farahani, R. Z., Sarkis, J. (2013). Integrated aggregate supply chain planning using memetic algorithmA performance analysis case study. International Journal of Production Research, 51(18), 5354-5373. Misra, S. K., Puri, V. K. (2005). Indian economy (p. 888). Himalaya Publishing House. Kapila, U. (Ed.). (2009). Indian economy since independence. Academic Foundation. Mohan, T. R. (2009). The impact of the crisis on the Indian Economy. Economic and Political Weekly, 107-114. Subbarao, D. (2008). The global financial turmoil and challenges for the Indian economy (No. id: 1808). Gal, J. (2011). The return of the wage Phillips curve. Journal of the European Economic Association, 9(3), 436-461. Sleeman, A. G. (2011). Retrospectives: The Phillips Curve: A Rushed Job?. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 223-237. Bhatt, R. K. (2011). Recent global recession and Indian economy: an analysis.International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 2(3), 212. Bosworth, B., Collins, S. M., Virmani, A. (2007). Sources of growth in the Indian economy (No. w12901). National Bureau of Economic Research. Ghosh, J., Chandrasekhar, C. P. (2009). The costs of coupling: the global crisis and the Indian economy. Cambridge journal of economics,33(4), 725-739. Chowdhury, S. (2011). Employment in India: What does the latest data show?. Economic and Political Weekly, 46(32), 23-26. Jain, T. R., Trehan, M., Uppal, R., Trehan, R. (2013). Indian economy. VK publications. Sleeman, A. G. (2011). Retrospectives: The Phillips Curve: A Rushed Job?. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 223-237.

Gender Differences and Changing Nature of Workplace †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Gender Differences and Changing Nature of Workplace. Answer: The workplace is where majority of individuals spend more than half of their work days and almost one-thirds of their lives. The nature of the workplace is an extremely important determinant which will help to ascertain whether the individuals stay true and loyal to their work or not. The nature of work is bound to change with changing times, with lesser amount of dependencies on people and more and more on the technological benefits of the scientific research. It also needs to be understood that that the workplace in the recent times will not look like it used to several years or two to three decades back. There will be differences in the attitudes of the workers of the organisations as well. A major aspect in context of the changing nature of the workplace is that of gender differences in the workplace. This is an important issue which can contribute to the temporary nature of the affiliation of the people to their jobs and also correspond to several instances of people not staying connected to a particular organisation and preferring to work part-time or involve themselves in relatively insignificant roles. Gender differences in the workplace can arise due to several causes, specifically because of social impact which are bound to affect the attitudes of both genders. There are certain organisations which encourage gender differences and welcome the inclusion of both the sexes at the time of making decisions for the company as well as for offering promotional opportunities (Lyons and Kuron 2014). On the other hand, there may be certain organisations which discourage gender inclusion and are responsible for promoting partiality in the workplace. With more and more companies, gender problems add value as well as a variety of perspectives to an organisation (Heilman 2012). Gender differences include physical as well as emotional ones. These are most importantly the characteristics which influence male as well as female behaviour. These might arise from emotional factors, like upbringing, or factors influencing the capacity of a person to perform responsibilities of job. Differences might arise from sex stereotypes like the consideration that women belong to their homes and men are solely responsible for providing support by working (Becton, Walker and Jones?Farmer 2014). This scenario was different in the 1990s for example when lesser amount of women used to work and lesser number of females were exposed to proper educational opportunities. In situations where females were exposed to educational facilities, they were discouraged from continuing as career-oriented professionals. There also have been situations where legal issues stem from individuals of both genders being considered differently or unfairly in the work scenario. Numerous employment as also labour laws govern the sexual discrimination and also prohibit practices that treat any particular gender unfairly due to gender. There are several acts which prohibit the employee discrimination such as hiring or not agreeing to promote any employee due to gender. There are also laws which govern the payment issues. The rules advocate that men and women need to be paid equally for doing the same job in the same company (Delfgaauw et al. 2013). In several situations there have been misunderstandings between people of different genders which are responsible for causing conflict within the workplace. It is not unnatural that men and women evaluate information differently, which might lead to feelings of elimination or even allegations of pestering or sexual inequity (Lyons and Kuron 2014). On the other hand organisational commitment is a key construct for examining the match between individuals as well as organisations. Individuals who are highly committed to their organisations are willing to devote more and more effort and time to their organisation and also identify more with the values of their employer. It is commonly believed that more and more familial involvement of women will lead to lesser degree of their workplace commitment. According to certain studies, if Statistics of the workplace are to be believed, women tend to display slightly better organisational commitment levels once they adjust their job along with their familial responsibilities (Jones, Burke and Westman 2013). However gender arguments claim that men and women have different psychological traits which are responsible for their varying degrees of commitment. For example, the same purpose of starting a family includes more commitment in men and lesser commitment in women due to the obvious importance they need to give to their heath. It is the duty of the management team of organisations to ensure that gender differences should be reduced to a minimum and therefore ensured that organisations are free from any sort of bias. Both men and women should be respected and their roles valued (Ng, Lyons and Schweitzer 2012). There should be a positive attitude in the workplace as the lines are getting blurred day by day as to what both men and women can achieve with respect to their careers and their lives. References: Becton, J.B., Walker, H.J. and Jones?Farmer, A., 2014. Generational differences in workplace behavior.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,44(3), pp.175-189. Delfgaauw, J., Dur, R., Sol, J. and Verbeke, W., 2013. Tournament incentives in the field: Gender differences in the workplace.Journal of Labor Economics,31(2), pp.305-326. Heilman, M.E., 2012. Gender stereotypes and workplace bias.Research in organizational Behavior,32, pp.113-135. Jones, F., Burke, R.J. and Westman, M. eds., 2013.Work-life balance: A psychological perspective. Psychology Press. Lyons, S. and Kuron, L., 2014. Generational differences in the workplace: A review of the evidence and directions for future research.Journal of Organizational Behavior,35(S1). Ng, E., Lyons, S.T. and Schweitzer, L. eds., 2012.Managing the new workforce: International perspectives on the millennial generation. Edward Elgar Publishing.